This versatile, eclectic, rather wanderlust country crossover star known for his classic ballads ("Always On My Mind"), autobiographical road songs ("On the Road Again") and catchy rhythms ("Mammas Don't Let Your Babies Grow Up to Be Cowboys") started out life as Willie Hugh Nelson on April 30, 1933, in Depression-era Abbot, Texas. He is the son of Myrle Marie (Greenhaw) and Ira Doyle Nelson, a mechanic. After his parents got divorced, in which his mother moved to Oregon and his father remarried, he and sister Bobbie Lee were raised by their gospel-singing paternal grandparents, who introduced them to music. Working in the cotton fields, Willie was handed his first guitar at age six and within a short time was writing woeful country songs and playing in polka bands.
During his teenage years he played at high school dances and honky-tonks. He also worked for a local radio station and by graduation time he had become a DJ with his own radio show. Briefly serving a stint with the Air Force (discharged because of a bad back, which would plague him throughout his life), he sold his first song called "No Place For Me" while getting by with menial jobs as a janitor and door-to-door Bible salesman. Married in 1952 to a full-blooded Cherokee, he and first wife Martha had two children.
Willie initially came to be known in Nashville for selling his songs to well-established country artists such as
Patsy Cline ("Crazy"),
Faron Young ("Hello Walls") and
Ray Price ("Night Life"). In 1962 he recorded a successful duet with singer Shirley Collie, whom he would later take as his second wife, but his career didn't progress despite joining the Grand 'Ol Opry. In the early 1970s, after extensive touring with his band (which included sister Bobbie on the piano) and experiencing a number of career downswings, he started performing and recording his own songs instead of selling them to others. Two of his albums, "Shotgun Willie" and "Phases and Stages", helped him gain some stature. In 1975 it all came together with the album "Red-Headed Stranger", which would become the top-selling country music album in history and propel him into the country music stratosphere. His offbeat phrasing, distinctive nasal tones and leathery, bewhiskered hippie-styled looks set a new standard for "outlaw" country music.
Around 1978 Willie showed himself to be a loose and natural presence in front of the camera, thus launching a film career. He had roles in several movies, his first opposite
Robert Redford and
Jane Fonda in
The Electric Horseman (1979). His took to leading roles as a country music star in
Honeysuckle Rose (1980), which would include a number of his songs on the soundtrack. He played opposite
James Caan and
Tuesday Weld in
Thief (1981) and a legendary outlaw in the western
Barbarosa (1982). In the movie
Red Headed Stranger (1986), which was adapted from his hit 1975 album, he played a preacher, and he teamed up with pal
Kris Kristofferson as a pair of country singers in
Songwriter (1984).
Willie and pal Kristofferson went on to form The Highwaymen with the late
Johnny Cash and
Waylon Jennings and he successfully recorded and toured with the group for a number of years. They also teamed up to remake the classic western
Stagecoach (1939) as a TV movie (
Stagecoach (1986)). As a unique song stylist, the bearded, braided-haired, bandanna-wearing non-conformist took a number of non-country standards and made them his own, including
Elvis Presley's "You Were Always on My Mind" and
Ray Charles' "Georgia on My Mind."
Broaching the millennium, Willie continued to be active with film credits that would include roles in the westerns
Dust to Dust (1994) and
The Journeyman (2001), in addition to roles in such non-westerns as the sci-fi drama
Starlight (1996); the comedy capers
Gone Fishin' (1997),
The Big Bounce (2004) and
The Dukes of Hazzard (2005) (an updated screen version of the popular TV show); the action thriller
Fighting with Anger (2007); the comedy
Surfer, Dude (2008); the family dramedy
Angels Sing (2013); the music fantasy
Paradox (2018) which starred
Neil Young and his sons
Lukas Nelson and
Micah Nelson; the dramatic fantasy
Waiting for the Miracle to Come (2018); and
Willie and Me (2023), a comedy chronicling the misadventures of a young German girl coming to America to see her idol Willie.
Willie happily married fourth wife Ann-Marie in 1991 and has survived more hard times in recent years, including a $16.7-million debt to the IRS and the suicide of one of his sons, Billy. Inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 1993, Nelson received the Kennedy Center Honors in 1998.